Ohio Mounds Top USA's UNESCO World Heritage Site Bid - ideastream
Ohio Mounds Top USA's UNESCO World Heritage Site Bid - ideastream |
- Ohio Mounds Top USA's UNESCO World Heritage Site Bid - ideastream
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| Ohio Mounds Top USA's UNESCO World Heritage Site Bid - ideastream Posted: 26 Nov 2019 08:42 AM PST A recent effort to preserve a historic Native American earthwork in Butler County points to a broader effort to recognize and honor Ohio's early mound builders. Eight ancient earthworks sites dating to the Hopewell era comprise the United States' first Ohio-centric bid for UNESCO World Heritage Site status. On an overcast November morning, elementary school students learn about early Native American civilizations and games at Fort Ancient State Memorial in Warren County. They're quick to raise their hands and shout answers to questions posed by Fort Ancient Program and Volunteer Manager Pam Hall. "Fort Ancient is the largest hilltop enclosure in all of North America," she explains to a chorus of "oohs" and "wows." Students are equally impressed when Hall tells them the site and others like it could soon be voted World Heritage Sites, declaring them "outstanding works of human genius."
Atlatl spear throwing is a big hit with elementary school children who visit Fort Ancient on field trips. [Tana Weingartner / WVXU] "There is no other place in the world that has this dense (of) a concentration of large scale earthworks, especially geometric earthworks," says Ohio History Connection's World Heritage Director Jennifer Aultman. Collectively referred to as the "Hopewell Ceremonial Earthworks," the bid is on the U.S. Tentative List and is considered the country's most ready site for nomination. "It's a very long lead time on these," Aultman points out. "Right now, 2023 is a likely target. You want it to be good. You want to submit the best nomination you can." Aultman concedes 2023 sounds far away, especially for a bid that first joined the tentative list in 2008, but she points out the final bid needs to be complete at least two years in advance of the UNESCO vote in order to give all voting members time to review it and make site visits. The locations are: The eight sites in the bid were selected because, Aultman says, "they meet that bar of being internationally significant. They're the largest, best preserved, have the most integrity to them, can demonstrate that they're authentically from this era that archeologists call the Hopewell culture, which is from about 1,500 to 2,000 years ago." John N. Low is an associate professor in comparative studies at the Ohio State University - Newark where, as a citizen of the Pokagen Band of Potawatomi Indians, he also serves as director of the Newark Earthworks Center. He points out that what is now Ohio was the epicenter of Hopewellian culture lifeways, and it's impressive that these sites are so well preserved, standing as monuments to the world about the artistry, ingenuity and sophistication of those who created these legacies. "As an indigenous person, I look at this as not just a legacy or an inheritance for indigenous peoples, for native peoples, but for all peoples. This is a site celebrating the wonder of humanity," Low says. When it comes to what the mounds were used for and why they were important to early civilizations is a matter of speculation and conjecture based on studying artifacts. There's a sense they may have been sacred, Low says, but that could be modern people placing our current sensibilities onto them. Though, "since native peoples seem to be holistically pretty spiritual about everything they do, these were probably spiritual or sacred sites." Low says he senses that the sites are sacred and says he's seen elders from his tribe (based in Michigan) and others visit the sites and sense that as well.
Archeologists believe certain mounds were placed to precisely line up with the sun on important days like the summer and winter solstice. [Tana Weingartner / WVXU] The science behind the mounds is also illuminating; the precision with which they were built to align with various phases of the year. Honoring that work is important. Low says a lot of effort has gone into creating the UNESCO World Heritage Site application. "I think it is perhaps reminiscent of the way these sites were built in the first place because what I love about Hopewellian sites is that these were very egalitarian societies. They weren't stratified, they weren't rulers with a priestly class, then a military class, then the rest of us doing the grunt work. These were egalitarian societies where people could see themselves as basically equal and nobody was coerced into doing something. They had to be convinced to do something. "These sites were built with the most sacred materials available to them: earth. Not rock, not limestone, not marble, not gold, the most sacred material to native people was earth ... and they collaborated together to get it done and it took quite a while to get it done, and they continued to be doing it for quite a while. I just think that deserves to be acknowledged." The bid faces several complications. For starters, the U.S. withdrew from UNESCO in 2019 and therefore is not currently a voting member. Also, the fact that one of the earthworks, an octagonal mound at the Newark Earthworks, sits within the bounds of a golf and country club could lead to questions of integrity. What About Serpent Mound?One of the most well-known earthworks in Ohio is missing from the UNESCO bid, and for good reason. Serpent Mound in Adams County is set aside on the U.S. Tentative List for its own World Heritage Site listing. Aultman points out there's ongoing scholarly debate about whether Serpent Mound pre- or post-dates the Hopewell culture. Either way, the earthwork doesn't fit the tight criteria for the Hopewell Ceremonial Earthworks bid. What Is Hopewell Culture?A popular misconception about the term "Hopewell" is that it refers to a particular tribe or group of Native Americans. In fact, there's nothing indigenous about the term at all. It comes from the name of a landowner in Ross County who, in the late 1800s, owned land containing what is now the Hopewell Mound Group near Chillicothe. Early archeologists recognized that all of these sites fit a similar pattern which they called "Hopewell." The term is applied to indigenous cultures that existed across the Midwest between 200 BCE to 500 CE with Ohio at its epicenter. Copyright 2019 91.7 WVXU. To see more, visit 91.7 WVXU. 9(MDAxODM1NzQ4MDEyMTY5MTAwMDcyNjIyOQ004))  |
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| Top U.S. general arrives in Iraq amid protests, questions over Iran's influence - Reuters Posted: 26 Nov 2019 10:07 AM PST BAGHDAD (Reuters) - The top U.S. general, Mark Milley, arrived in Iraq on Tuesday amid a spate of anti-government protests in the Middle East and questions about how they could impact Iranian influence in the region. FILE PHOTO: Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Mark Milley meets service members in front of the USS Sirocco in Manama, Bahrain on November 25, 2019. REUTERS/Idrees Ali/File Photo Anti-government protests in Iraq erupted in early October and have grown into the largest demonstrations since the fall of Saddam Hussein in 2003. Lebanon has faced five weeks of anti-government protests, fueled by anger at corruption among the sectarian politicians. As the governments in Iraq and Lebanon struggle with huge waves of popular protest, powerful factions loyal to Iran are pushing to quash political upheaval that challenges Tehran's entrenched influence in both countries. Some experts believe that protests in the region, including those in Iran itself, could give the United States an opportunity to reduce Tehran's regional influence. But they warn they could hurt American interests as well. "Everybody looking at popular protests in the Middle East has to keep very much in mind that we rarely have an idea where these are going to go," said Jon Alterman, a Middle East expert at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. "It could displace a number of vital partners as it could displace the Iranians... Ultimately, I don't think you can ever get the Iranians out of Iraq," Alterman said. There are more than 5,000 U.S. troops in Iraq supporting local forces, though Iraq has rejected any long-term presence of additional U.S. forces that crossed its border during an American drawdown from northern Syria. There are also concerns Iran could lash out militarily against U.S. allies in the region to deflect from pressure being built up by protests within Iran. Iran's clerical rulers have blamed "thugs" linked to exiles and foreign foes - the United States, Israel and Saudi Arabia - for stirring up unrest that has led to some of the worst violence in the country in a decade. U.S.-Iran tensions have risen after Sept. 14 strikes on Saudi oil facilities, following attacks on tankers in Gulf waters. Washington has blamed the attacks on Iran, a charge Tehran denies. "Iran is aggressive in the region against their neighboring states, both overtly and covertly," Army General Milley, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, told reporters this week. "So will they continue to do that in the future? I don't know. I would like to say no, but it is certainly possible that they will," he added. BURDEN SHARINGMilley, who is in the Middle East for the first time since taking the chairman job in September, is meeting with allies in the region. He met with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman on Monday. The United States has deployed about 3,000 additional military forces to Saudi Arabia in recent months to bolster Saudi defenses, including an air expeditionary wing and air defense personnel. U.S. and Saudi officials are negotiating burden-sharing arrangements for the American troops in the kingdom, officials said. Riyadh could help pay for things like upgrades to a major air base, fuel and other logistics. U.S. Defense Secretary Mark Esper said last month that Saudi Arabia had agreed to help underwrite the deployment to the kingdom, something Trump has repeatedly called for. Reporting by Idrees Ali; Editing by Bill Berkrot Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.  |
| Posted: 27 Nov 2019 09:01 AM PST CLOSE  SportsPulse: Dan Wolken and Paul Myerberg discuss the latest CFP Playoff rankings and what the committee got right and wrong. USA TODAY The revamped LSU offense has helped quarterback Joe Burrow transform his NFL draft stock from game-managing, trustworthy upperclassman to potential franchise cornerstone. Burrow has already set every single-season program record for passing and is on pace to set the Bowl Subdivision record for completion percentage. As the face of the Tigers' offensive reinvention and the star of the nation's top-ranked team, Burrow has positioned himself as the strong contender to go first overall, especially if the quarterback-hungry Cincinnati Bengals end up on the clock. Unless the Bengals — or another one of the NFL's worst teams — end up leaning toward defense, in which case there's an immediate-impact player for the taking: Ohio State defensive end Chase Young has been so effective for the Buckeyes that he's in contention to become the rare defender to earn a trip to Manhattan in December as a Heisman Trophy finalist. With five months to go teams make their picks, here's a primer on which college stars are in contention for the top of the 2020 NFL draft: LSU QB Joe Burrow His stock has soared as LSU's offense has entered another stratosphere. As little as three months ago, Burrow was seen as a caretaker-like quarterback with great intangibles but had no tape to really suggest he had the ability to be the franchise guy.. That's no longer the case. Burrow is completing 78.9 percent of his throws, averaging 10.9 yards per attempt and seemingly getting better every week. POWER RANKINGS: ACC | Big 12 | Big Ten | Pac-12 | SEC STAFF PICKS: Predictions for rivalry weekend games with playoff impact MAJOR BOOST: Big 12 gets positive push in College Football Playoff rankings Ohio State DE Chase Young Young's been seen as likely No. 1 pick for most of regular season, especially as his ability to dictate the tempo and feel of a game began to rival even the top tier of quarterback prospects. It's very unlikely that NFL teams put any stock whatsoever into his two-game suspension; it's also unlikely the same suspension keeps Young from collecting every meaningful piece of postseason hardware. Young is the complete package who fits comfortably into what NFL teams are looking for at the top of the draft, and will enter the next level expected to produce at a high level from the start. Alabama QB Tua Tagovailoa Much hinges on how Tagovailoa bounces back from his recent hip injury, with early reports from Alabama's medical staff suggesting the junior will make a complete recovery. If so, the book has been written: Tagovailoa is one of the most productive passers of this era of offensive explosiveness. He has great touch and vision. His timing, smarts and quick delivery have allowed the Alabama offense to take flight behind a ridiculously talented group of wide receivers. Oregon QB Justin Herbert Coming back for his senior season might not move Herbert any higher in the draft than he might've been had he come out last season, when it's likely he would've been in the running for the pick the New York Giants used on Daniel Jones. This season has found Herbert mostly at his best, however, and increases the chances that he'll be capable of playing as a rookie in 2020. Once a three-star recruit, Herbert has also shown NFL teams that he can stay healthy after struggling with injuries in 2018. Clemson LB Isaiah Simmons The Tigers' defensive MVP isn't a contender for No. 1 overall but has shown the flexibility NFL teams covet from the back seven. He arrived at Clemson as a safety, somewhat lightly recruited out of Kansas, and has shown that speed and range in coverage. But he's developed into a linebacker with the strength to play the run and the ability to rush the passer. He fills the box score for a Clemson defense that has once again been one of the nation's best. Alabama WR Jerry Jeudy He's the best route-runner in college football. Even if you subtracted all of Jeudy's other physical gifts, his ability to run crisp and clean routes against all manner of coverage would get him a shot at the NFL. But there's also speed, agility, elusiveness, length and the wiggle to make would-be tacklers miss in a phone booth. Jeudy may look smaller than the prototypical No. 1 receiver but he's the complete package, even if he's per-catch numbers have taken a slight dip from his breakout 2018 season. Ohio State CB Jeffrey Okudah Okudah has developed into a stopper on the outside for a fantastic pass defense and one of the best defenders in the Big Ten. The question: How much of Okudah's production — and the production of entire OSU pass defense, which ranks first nationally in yards allowed per game and second in quarterback-efficiency defense — has to do with players such as Young up front. It probably doesn't hurt. But NFL teams covet length at cornerback and Ohio State products. Okudah checks the boxes. Auburn DT Derrick Brown Like Herbert, Brown could've come out last season and found a spot somewhere in the first round. Deciding to come back has been good for Auburn, which has played well on defense, and provided a boost to Brown's draft stock. While his draft class has a number of impressive edge rushers, Brown is somewhat unique as a gifted interior lineman who is developing his pass-rush skills to go with his unquestioned strength and disruptive push in defending the run. LSU DB Grant Delpit There's no doubt that he looks the part. No other college safety has the combination of size and speed to effectively defend huge swaths of space, though Delpit has shown more consistency stepping up against the run than defending the pass. Whether he can be an asset in coverage against NFL offenses is the biggest question Delpit will face during the draft process. But whether he has the athletic gifts to be an effective starter on the next level isn't in doubt. Iowa DE A.J. Epenesa The rare Iowa five-star recruit has more than lived up to his billing — as a recent example, check out how he chewed up Minnesota's beefy offensive front in the Hawkeyes' 23-19 win on Nov. 16. Those moments of dominance more than offset the dip in production compared to his 2018 campaign, when he led the Big Ten in sacks as a part-time starter. Young is the top end and overall defender across the board, but Epenesa's strength and first step has him in contention for one of the top 10 picks, should he leave after his junior season. If you love talking football, we have the perfect spot for you. Join our Facebook Group, The Ruling Off the Field, to engage in friendly debate and conversation with fellow football fans and our NFL insiders.  |
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